Jul. 01, 2024
Machinery
Medium-sized wheel loaders are an ideal choice when you need fast cycle times, lifting capacity and maneuverability.
When determining which wheel loader to purchase, understanding the requirements of the job is essential. Do you need to work in tight spaces? Are you looking for a versatile tool carrier or a production loading tool? Wheel loaders come in various sizes, from compact wheel loaders under 20,000 lbs. to medium-sized loaders under 50,000 lbs. and large wheel loaders that can exceed 100,000 lbs.
Compact wheel loaders tend to be more versatile with a wide range of attachments and often offer advantages over other compact equipment choices, such as skid steers or compact track loaders. Medium-sized wheel loaders are an ideal choice when you need fast cycle times, lifting capacity and maneuverability. Large wheel loaders are true production machines.
Determining the proper size is one of the first steps in the process, and it helps maximize ROI. The size will vary according to your job requirements, such as productivity targets and the density of the material being moved. Factors to look at include the breakout force, engine horsepower, maneuverability requirements, tipping load and bucket size. If trucks are being loaded in a production environment, the wheel loader should be sized to top off a load in no more than three passes.
Once the choice has been narrowed to the ideal size, you must consider several other factors. These include the proper arm configuration, visibility, safety, productivity features, payload weighing systems and serviceability.
Standard and high-lift arm configurations are available on many wheel loader models to match the application. Standard arm configurations are popular with high-density materials due to the center of gravity of the load being located closer to the wheel loader&#;s front axle. This configuration also promotes maneuverability.
High lift arms are popular with lighter-density materials and when the reach is needed for placing loads in high-sided transport. Bucket sizes for these arms are often reduced due to the center of gravity of the load being further away from the machine&#;s front axle.
Parallel-link arms are available for wheel loader models that are often used with forks and as tool carriers. This configuration keeps attachments parallel with the ground as the loader arms move up or down. Operators have increased control while loading or unloading items. The parallel-link arm configuration also allows greater visibility when using forks or other attachments.
Operator comfort and productivity are closely linked. Reducing fatigue allows operators to stay alert and focused for longer periods of time. There are significant differences in comfort among various wheel loader designs.
Larger cabs and ergonomic controls help reduce operator fatigue. In addition, pressurized cabs keep the operator's environment clean. Sound insulation can significantly reduce noise levels and provide a quieter working environment for the operator. Heated fully adjustable air ride seats and adjustable armrest-mounted controls are designed to comfortably accommodate operators of all sizes.
Electric-hydraulic joystick controls provide low-effort control and reduce the number of hydraulic lines in the cab.
Ride control that prevents unnecessary pitching and ensures smooth travel for the operator also leads to increased productivity.
Choosing a wheel loader with the proper safety features can help minimize the risk of accidents and injuries. When operating a wheel loader, visibility to the surrounding work area should be a key consideration.
Cabs with panoramic visibility help create a safe and comfortable working environment. The position and design of the cab pillars and the monitor and switch panel layout are important considerations that can affect the field of view from the cab. The addition of LED lighting can also provide long-lasting illumination for safe low-light applications.
Peripheral camera systems take visibility a step further, providing an enhanced field of view of the machine&#;s immediate environment. Cameras can be mounted on the sides and rear of the machine to provide different views from its monitor.
Wheel loaders used in a common Y loading cycle can spend 50% of their time in reverse. The latest safety innovations address this with rear obstacle detection systems that provide visible and audible alarms. Some of these systems can intervene when the wheel loader gets close to an object.
Look for productivity-enhancing features, like those that identify slopes and add power to prevent the engine speed from dropping when traveling uphill. This can reduce cycle times in lift-and-carry applications.
Some of the newest features simplify the loading process for the operator. For instance, approach speed control sets the desired speed the wheel loader will achieve as it approaches a loading point. The operator holds down the accelerator while lifting the load and the machine maintains the slower speed as it approaches the loading point. The operator taps the brake to bring the machine to a complete stop when it reaches the dump area. With approach speed control, travel speed can be adjusted with fewer pedal operations during loading. This reduces operator fatigue and fuel consumption.
In addition, auto idle shutdown and newer emissions solutions help prevent fuel waste.
In-cab monitors allow operators to adjust machine settings for enhanced efficiency. These multifunction monitors display useful information at a glance.
Payload-weighing systems allow you to track productivity information. Operators can check the weight of the load in the bucket from inside the cab monitor and log the material loaded.
Advanced payload weighing systems offer modes such as tip-off to truck, tip-off to pile, auto-add and manual-add that allow operators to manage loads according to the application. These systems can also warn the operator when the bucket is overloaded, improving safety during operation.
Airborne debris can become an issue in many wheel loader applications. This can be addressed with a hydraulically driven automatic reversing fan and wide-fin radiators. The engine air intake system should be designed to prevent dirt ingestion.
Convenient, ground-level access makes routine maintenance quick and simple.
Using telematic tools to monitor machine health also helps boost uptime. These tools can remotely monitor operational status and alert owners of upcoming maintenance needs. In some instances, the servicing dealer can now remotely diagnose issues that may arise, leading to increased uptime.
Before making a final decision, ensure parts and customer support are readily available. Check the track record of the manufacturer and its after sales support. Look for a wheel loader that&#;s backed by a strong dealer network trained to maximize machine uptime.
Your dealer is also an excellent resource to help find that perfect wheel loader for the task.
Like the 907 and 908, the Cat 906 has a Cat C2.8 engine rated at 74.7 gross horsepower. Operating weight is 12,628 pounds. Bucket capacities are 1 to 2 cubic yards for general purpose use. The 906 can be spec&#;ed with a &#;shift on the go&#; and hydrostatic transmission and locking differentials for smooth operation and speeds up to 25 mph. Options include LED and halogen lighting packages and quick-disconnect auxiliary hydraulics.
Manufacturers have worked hard to make compact wheel loaders better at their traditional applications, but they&#;ve also expanded features to meet the demands of customers who want more versatility.
Robbie Southerland, Caterpillar compact wheel loader product specialist for North America, says compact wheel loaders have distinct advantages over other compact equipment.
&#;They are versatile, easily configurable, upgradable and have a long service life, often having three or four owners over the life of the machine.&#;
For loading applications, compact wheel loaders stand out with their higher efficiency and greater ground speed. These traits also support other applications when customers want to use their CWLs instead of other compact machines.
So is a CWL always the right choice?
No. Southerland offers three tips to help customers choose the right machine:
GehlThe Gehl AL650 and AL750 feature a Z-bar linkage for mechanical self-leveling in both the up and down directions and provide bucket dump angles in the mid- and upper ranges of the lift path. The Z-bar design also delivers greater forward reach.
The Power-A-Tach mounting system simplifies attachment changes, while an optional three-way auxiliary circuit directs hydraulic flow to the front and rear and includes high-flow. An oscillating articulation joint provides 45-degree turn angles right and left and 10 degrees of oscillation in both directions. A multifunction joystick offers low-effort control.
Options for the AL650 and AL750 include an air suspension seat, LED work lights, Hydraglide ride control and a three-speed transmission with speeds up to 19 mph.
Hitachi Construction Machinery AmericasHitachi Construction Machinery Americas has three compact wheel loaders in the 25- to 66-horsepower range:
&#;All three are engineered with the same reliability, safety and efficiency as our larger production loaders,&#; says Matthew Koester, wheel loader production manager, HCMA.
The full front glass contributes to the 360-degree visibility and allows the operator to see the front wheels and attachments, he says. Suspension seating provides operator comfort, enhanced by the oscillating rear axle, which also improves stability and traction when working on uneven terrain.
John DeereIn keeping with its tiering strategy, Deere introduced G Tier compact wheel loaders in October .
YuchaiHI supply professional and honest service.
&#;As a reminder, G Tier is for customers who need Deere reliability and performance but don&#;t need premium features,&#; says Luke Gribble, solution marketing manager, John Deere Construction Equipment.
The 204 and 304 went from L Series to G Tier; the 184 G Tier is a new machine. These CWLs are good with buckets and forks but also with grapples and other standard-flow attachments.
High flow is available on the 324 P Tier, which also has a high-lift option and offers more features than the G Tier models.
Regardless of Tier, customers can spec&#; either skid steer-type quick-attach or European-style pin-grabber couplers.
Deere offers toolcarrier linkages on larger wheel loaders, &#;but the demands of toolcarriers are typically beyond the weight, power and hydraulic performance of compact models,&#; says Gribble.
He also hastens to point out that although G Tier models are more basic, Deere has made significant improvements to them, especially in the cab. The left-side door is now full glass. The right-side window swings 180 degrees and latches open. Glass on both the left and right of the steering column has been extended to the floor.
KubotaKubota&#;s next-generation R540 and R640 are available with ROPS canopy or cab and have more weight and better lift performance than the R30 models they replace.
&#;We&#;ve also made a number of changes to improve the operator experience,&#; says Bill Holton, Kubota product manager, construction equipment. The console has been reconfigured; it and the switch layout have been moved to the right side to provide more foot and leg room while keeping all controls at fingertip access. The standard multifunction control lever selects forward-neutral-reverse and engages the differential lock.
Visibility has also been improved. The front window has been enlarged. The right-side window is now full glass and is the same size as the entrance door. Arms have been reconfigured for better visibility of buckets, forks and attachments. That improved visibility combined with the standard auxiliary port switch make attachment change-outs and operation easier, the company says.
MecalacMecalac has offered wheel loaders since when it bought the German company Ahlmann, which had been making wheel loaders since the s.
The 75-horsepower AX is its best-selling model. Mecalac has four categories of wheel loaders: traditional articulated, such as the AX; swing loaders; telescopic loaders and rigid-frame loaders, the latter two with four-wheel, three-mode steering.
The AX features the clean-sheet Monoboom design that is strong and improves visibility. The standard bucket is 1.3 cubic yards, although buckets of up to 2.1 cubic yards can be fitted. The self-stabilizing center-pivot (Mecalac Self Stabilizing Concept) improves handling and stability.
Mecalac chose the low-noise Deutz TD 2.9 L4 turbo diesel engine for the AX. Travel speed is 19 mph. Lift capacity is greater than 5,000 pounds, even at full articulation.
&#;We acknowledge that in many categories of equipment, our extensive engineering advantages and unique design features put Mecalac at the upper end of cost,&#; says Peter Bigwood, general manager, Mecalac North America. &#;But our traditional articulated wheel loaders are configured to meet the needs of the broadest range of customers, not those receiving benefit from advanced features. As such, these loaders are very cost competitive.&#;
miniloaders.comMiniloaders.com has been selling small articulated loaders under the Intrepid brand and manufactured by Knickmops in Belgium.
&#;We are now also bringing in Paus loaders from Germany,&#; says Chris Sleurink of Miniloaders.com. &#;We&#;re currently doing the first demos.&#;
The 75-horsepower TL is the one compact model. The standard bucket is 1.3 cubic yards. A multifunction joystick and proportional control provide ease of use when loading or operating attachments. Options include high-speed travel of 24.8 mph, a second hydraulic circuit with 21 or 31 gallons per minute of flow, and PTO for attachments not paired with the standard hydraulic four-point quick-change coupler.
Also standard on Paus wheel loaders is a telescopic boom &#;and from March onward, we&#;ll have swing boom variants, as well,&#; says Sleurink.
Volvo CEVolvo&#;s two electric compact wheel loaders, the L20 and L25 Electric, were launched in North America in late . Both use lithium-ion battery technology.
Charging from zero to 100% takes about six hours with the 6 kW onboard charger when using a 240V service or Level 2 charging station, which is the most common EV charging setup.
Maximum speed is 12.4 mph. An electric parking brake also provides automatic hill-hold. Compared to a traditional disc brake, the spring-applied, hydraulically released wet disc brake improves performance and reduces maintenance costs.
Total cost of ownership for an eCWL is lower than for an equivalent diesel model, despite the higher initial purchase cost. Obvious savings result from not requiring diesel fuel, engine oil, filters and related items.
But there&#;s also potential for jobs where noise and emissions restrictions favor electric models. &#;The ability to not disturb others in densely populated areas and to work indoors allows owners to bid on jobs from which they would otherwise have been excluded,&#; says Darren Ashton, product manager - compact equipment, Volvo Construction Equipment.
Idle time is another factor, as there is none with an electric machine. It&#;s on when it&#;s working and off when it&#;s not, and accumulated hours reflect this. Lower hours result in higher residual value in the secondary market.
Wacker NeusonWacker Neuson&#;s newest compact wheel loader is the 45-horsepower WL28. The 3-ton, 0.5-cubic-yard loader has a Yanmar 3TNV86 engine rated at 45 horsepower for the W Construction and or 54 horsepower for the W Construction, High Performance versions. There are Winter versions of each, the W and W, configured for cold-weather applications, including snow removal.
The drive system is electronically controlled, and control switches are color coded for easy reference. Auto and Eco modes are standard, while optional Attachment mode can be spec&#;ed to match intended use. Attachment mode prioritizes power to the front auxiliary attachment to maintain consistent flow and hydraulic power to the work tool.
Besides the new WL28, Wacker Neuson&#;s compact wheel loader line includes the WL34, WL38 and WL52 with 34, 74 and 75 horsepower, respectively.
&#;Operator comfort is the foundation of wheel loaders&#; design,&#; says Jay Quatro, commercial product manager, Wacker Neuson. Comfort features include mechanically suspended and heated air-ride seat options, adjustable wrist rests and tilting and telescoping steering wheels. &#;These all help maximize comfort and minimize fatigue.&#;
YanmarFrank Gangi, product manager, compact wheel loaders and attachments, Yanmar, says the 72-horsepower V10 and 62-horsepower V8 shared prominence in the company&#;s three-model lineup. &#;But recently the V10 has pulled ahead. Customers are looking to do more with their machines, and the V10&#;s specs work well for them.&#;
Yanmar also offers the 39-horsepower V4-7 and recently announced the new V7 CWL.
He says snow removal is the market showing the greatest growth. The V10&#;s horsepower and 22 mph travel speed are good matches for that. Even so, customers are looking for more hydraulic performance, in the range of 28 to 30 gallons per minute, for bigger attachments; the V10 has 20.3 gpm.
Yanmar used Deutz engines in their three compact wheel loaders until a few years ago, &#;but we&#;re justifiably proud of the reliability and performance of our own engines and made the switch,&#; says Gangi. The company also switched from bright yellow to red exteriors around that time.
Case Construction Equipment
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