Jun. 10, 2024
Electronic Components & Supplies
A resistor is a device that obstructs the flow of current. It is a passive two-terminal device which is used to regulate the flow of electric current. Glass, Mica, Wood, Rubber, etc. are examples of resistive materials. The unit of resistance is Ohm () where 1 = 1V/1A. In electronic circuits, resistors are used to adjust signal levels, reduce current flow, bias active elements, terminate transmission lines, divide voltages, etc.
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There are numerous types of resistors that are available and can be used in electronic circuits. These different types of resistors have different properties depending upon their manufacture and construction. There are different types of resistors available for various applications. The resistors are available in different shapes, size, and materials. Normally resistors can be classified into two types namely linear resistor and non-linear resistor.
The resistors whose value changes with the applied temperature and voltage, are called linear resistors. Most types of resistors are linear devices that produce a voltage drop across themselves when a current flows through them There are two basic types of resistors with linear properties namely fixed resistors and variable resistors.
Fixed resistors are resistors with a specific value. Fixed resistors one of the most widely used types of resistor. Fixed resistors are used in electronics circuits to set the correct conditions in a circuit.
Variable Resistors consist of a slider which taps onto the main resistor element and a fixed resistor element. Simply we can say that a variable resistor is a potentiometer with only 2 connecting wires instead of 3.
Following is the table explaining other related concepts of resistors:
Carbon Resistor and its Structure
AC Voltage Applied to a Resistor
Potentiometer
Non-linear resistors are those types of resistors where the electric current flowing through it changes with the exchange in applied voltage or temperature and does not change according to Ohms law. There are several types of non-linear resistors, but the most commonly used are mentioned below.
Thermistors are a type of variable resistor that notices the change in temperature. In other words, it is a 2 terminal device that is very sensitive to temperature. The resistance of a thermistor is inversely proportional to the temperature.
A varistor is a non-linear resistor made of semiconductor and current through which depends non-linearly on the applied voltage across it. MOV or metal oxide varistor is the most commonly used form of varistor resistors.
Photo Resistor or LDR (Light Dependent Resistors) or Photo Conductive Cell is a light-controlled variable resistor. The photo resistor resistance decreases with increase in incident light intensity.
Surface Mount Resistors also called SMD resistor are rectangular in shape. An SMD is an electronic component that is made to use with SMT or Surface Mount Technology.
Frequently Asked Questions FAQs
Q1
Resistor is a passive two-terminal device which is used to regulate the flow of electric current.
Q2
Some resistive materials are : Rubber, Glass, Wood, and Mica.
Q3
Resistors are classified as: linear resistor and non-linear resistor.
Q4
Types of fixed resistors are:
Q5
Thermistor is a type of variable resistor that notices the change in temperature.
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We know that one of the main uses of resistor is to control the flow of current. In a resistor, electrons have a collision with ions which slows down the flow of electricity and lowers the current and also produces heat. If a resistor is said to have high resistance then it means less current flows in it for the given voltage.
Some applications and uses of resistor are listed below:
There are various types of resistors that work according to the usage range. In that, we can set the resistance by using a knob kind of feature. Changing resistance will affect the flow of current inside the circuit. For example, this type of resistor is used in controlling the speed of a motor, pitch of a musical tone, loudness of an amplifier, etc.
Dividing the voltage works when some components need to work in a much lesser voltage than the supplied input voltage. Connecting the resistors in a series will help to drop the voltage across each resistor equally, thus, assisting the appliances smoothly which works in those conditions.
Because of the nature of generating heat when conducting current, resistors are used in a heater, toaster, microwave, electric stove, and many more heating appliances. In a light bulb, the metal filament glows white-hot due to the very high temperature produced from the resistance when electricity is passed through it.
Like in a light flasher, electronic sirens, blinking lights used in airplanes or tall towers which acts as a collision avoidance measure. They work on the principle of filling up current to a certain time and then discharge light, in here, the resistor decides how much current has to be passed according to the time allotted. If resistance increases, the time for discharging current in the circuit increases.
Too much current passed inside a LED or transistors can be dangerous because they are very sensitive to electric current. The use of a resistor in the circuit will help the LEDs and transistors and other types of semiconductors to function in the desired current range ideal for them.
These were some applications of Transistors. If you wish to find out more, download BYJUS The Learning App.
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Frequently Asked Questions FAQs
Q1
What is a resistor?
A resistor is a two-terminal electrical component that provides electrical resistance. In electronic circuits, resistors are predominantly used to lower the flow of current, divide voltages, block transmission signals, and bias active elements.
Q2
What are the two types of linear resistors?
Fixed resistors and variable resistors are the two types of linear resistors.
Q3
What are the main types of fixed resistors?
Wire wound resistors, thin-film resistors, and carbon composition resistors are the main types of fixed resistors.
Q4
What are the main types of variable resistors?
Potentiometer, thermostat, and trimmer resistor are the main types of variable resistors.
Q5
What is the use of resistors in the case circuits with LEDs?
Excess current can be fatal to LEDs because they are extremely sensitive to variations in electric current. In this case, resistors can be used to control the electric current that flows through the circuit, helping LEDs and other semiconductors to work at the ideal current ranges.
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