Health Benefits of Magnesium Oxide

Author: Polly

May. 13, 2024

Chemicals

Health Benefits of Magnesium Oxide

Magnesium is an essential macronutrient and the fourth most abundant positively charged ion in the body. It is crucial for muscle contractions and helps regulate the nervous system, blood sugar levels, and blood pressure. Your body requires it to complete more than 300 processes involving enzymes and proteins. While a healthy diet typically provides sufficient magnesium, low levels can lead to serious health problems.

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There are at least ten chemical compounds containing magnesium that can be used as health supplements. Each is better suited for particular uses. Magnesium oxide is best known for addressing digestive problems and heartburn. While it can supplement magnesium levels in the body, it is less effective compared to other magnesium compounds more readily absorbed into the bloodstream, including those naturally found in foods.

Magnesium oxide, often available in capsule form, is commonly used to address various concerns, ranging from low magnesium levels to more specific health issues, such as:

Relief of Indigestion and Heartburn

Magnesium oxide may be used as an antacid to relieve indigestion and heartburn.

Relief from Constipation and Irregularity

Magnesium oxide stimulates the intestines to release water into the stool, softening it and relieving constipation and irregularity. A dose of 250 milligrams can be repeated every 12 hours until relief is achieved.

Relief from Migraine

Studies have shown that patients with migraines, including cluster headaches and menstrual migraines, often have low levels of magnesium. Taking supplements like magnesium oxide may help. It is suggested that magnesium ions provided by magnesium oxide can interrupt brain signals that may cause migraines. A daily dose of 400–500 milligrams may be required for effectiveness, but this dosage may also cause diarrhea, which can usually be managed by starting with a smaller dose.

Other Health Benefits

While magnesium offers numerous health benefits, magnesium oxide is not the best source for these benefits. It has difficulty dissolving in water and is not absorbed into bodily tissues as easily as water-soluble magnesium salts, such as magnesium citrate, magnesium chloride, magnesium lactate, or magnesium malate.

Types of Magnesium: Benefits, Side Effects, and Differences

Different types of magnesium supplements offer varying effects and benefits. For instance, some research suggests magnesium taurate may help lower blood pressure, and magnesium citrate may be effective for constipation.

Magnesium is a common mineral in the body, playing a role in over 600 metabolic reactions, including energy production, protein formation, and blood pressure regulation.

However, some people need extra help getting enough magnesium. Choosing the right magnesium supplement can help boost levels of this nutrient and may aid in various medical conditions.

This article explores the different types of magnesium, their pros and cons, and how to choose between them.

What Types of Magnesium Are There?

There are many types of magnesium present in dietary supplements and food products. These include:

  • magnesium citrate
  • magnesium glycinate
  • magnesium chloride
  • magnesium lactate
  • magnesium malate
  • magnesium taurate
  • magnesium sulfate
  • magnesium oxide

Each type of magnesium has different properties. They can vary in terms of their:

  • medical uses
  • bioavailability, or how easily they are absorbed by the body
  • potential side effects

A person should seek the advice of a doctor or dietitian before trying a magnesium supplement.

For Better Nutrition

The following types of magnesium are popular as general dietary supplements:

Magnesium Glycinate

Magnesium glycinate is a compound of magnesium and glycine, an amino acid. Older research indicates it is well-tolerated and causes minimal side effects, making it a good option for people who require higher doses or experience side effects from other magnesium types.

Magnesium Lactate

This type of magnesium is a compound of magnesium and lactic acid. According to a 2017 analysis, magnesium lactate absorbs easily in the gut.

Magnesium Malate

This type of magnesium is a compound of magnesium and malic acid. Some evidence suggests it is highly bioavailable and well-tolerated. A 2019 animal study found it absorbed the fastest after a single dose. Human trials are necessary to confirm this. A 2018 human study reported a supplement containing magnesium malate and several vitamins caused few digestive side effects.

Magnesium Citrate

Magnesium citrate is a popular form of magnesium, often used in supplements. It appears easier for the body to absorb than other forms. An older 2003 study of 46 adults found magnesium citrate absorbed better than magnesium oxide and magnesium chelate. However, it is also a treatment for constipation and may cause unwanted digestive side effects, such as diarrhea.

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For Topical Use

Some people use magnesium on the skin. The types of magnesium that people can use this way include:

Magnesium Chloride

Magnesium chloride is a type of salt found in topical magnesium products, such as magnesium oils and some bath salts. However, it is unclear how much magnesium the skin can absorb. A 2017 review concluded that while there's evidence the body can absorb a small amount through the skin, large-scale studies are necessary to determine its effectiveness. Magnesium chloride can also be taken internally, as the intestines absorb it well, though it may cause digestive side effects.

Magnesium Sulfate

Magnesium sulfate is the form of magnesium found in Epsom salts. Many people add Epsom salts to baths and foot soaks to soothe aching muscles. However, there's little high-quality evidence showing the body can absorb much magnesium from magnesium sulfate baths.

For Specific Conditions

Several types of magnesium can help treat constipation, such as magnesium citrate. Other types may have utility as medical treatments.

Magnesium Oxide

Doctors may use magnesium oxide to treat constipation or as an antacid for heartburn or indigestion. It is also present in some dietary supplements. However, the body does not absorb this form well, according to a 2017 analysis.

Magnesium Taurate

This type of magnesium is a compound of magnesium and taurine. Limited evidence suggests it may lower blood pressure and protect the cardiovascular system. A 2018 animal study reported that magnesium taurate reduced high blood pressure and heart damage in rats exposed to a toxic substance. However, more research is needed before using it as a treatment for cardiovascular conditions.

How to Choose a Magnesium Product

When choosing magnesium products, consider:

  • how much magnesium you already consume in your diet
  • whether a supplement or topical product is necessary
  • how much additional magnesium you need
  • whether topical or oral forms are preferable

This can help select a product that is safe and effective. The recommended dietary allowance (RDA) of magnesium is 400–420 milligrams (mg) for adult males and 310–360 mg for adult females. During pregnancy and lactation, the RDA may increase to 400 mg daily.

To determine if they need more magnesium, individuals can ask a doctor to test their magnesium levels.

Food Sources

People can get more magnesium from their diet. Dietary sources of magnesium include:

  • roasted pumpkin seeds, containing 37% of the daily value per ounce (oz)
  • chia seeds, containing 26% of the daily value per oz
  • almonds, containing 19% of the daily value per 1 oz
  • boiled spinach, containing 19% of the daily value per 1/2 cup

Cashews, peanuts, soy milk, and black beans are also good sources. Many other foods contain smaller amounts. However, the body only absorbs about 30–40% of dietary magnesium consumed, making it challenging for some people to get enough from their diet alone.

Summary

Magnesium is essential for health, and a supplement may be necessary for some to meet their needs. Several types are suitable as dietary supplements, such as magnesium citrate, glycinate, and lactate. Other kinds have topical uses. People should seek guidance from a doctor before taking a magnesium supplement or using a topical magnesium product, as not everyone may benefit from them.

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