Nov. 04, 2024
by AMC
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Posted on September 10 at 12:40 PM
Copper-nickel pipes are widely utilized across various industries owing to their remarkable strength, durability, and resistance to corrosion. Furthermore, their superior welding characteristics make them favorable for distinct projects. Before investing in copper-nickel pipes, it is crucial to be aware of the available sizes. This guide aims to provide insights into the diverse sizes of copper-nickel tubing on the market, assisting you in making an informed choice for your specific requirements.
Copper-nickel (Cu-Ni) pipes are primarily designed for systems managing seawater. Such pipeline systems encompass copper-nickel pipes, fittings, flanges, and valves. The two prevalent copper-nickel alloys used in these applications are 90-10 Cu-Ni (90% copper and 10% nickel) and 70-30 Cu-Ni (70% copper and 30% nickel). These alloys are favored for their resistance to corrosion and biofouling, along with their strength and cost-effectiveness.
The 90/10 copper nickel is particularly favored in submarines due to its robustness, while the 70-30 Cu-Ni is more commonly employed in other applications.
Despite an array of material options, there is a growing tendency to choose 90-10 Cu-Ni over other alloys such as aluminum, brass, or stainless steel for multiple reasons:
For related insights, read our blog on What Is Copper-Nickel Pipe Used For?
Copper-nickel pipes are offered in a variety of sizes tailored to meet industrial demands, particularly within marine and seawater management systems. Typically, these pipes range from 1/8 inch to 24 inches in outer diameter (OD), making them suitable for both smaller and larger-scale applications. The wall thickness of these pipes is commonly designated by a schedule number (e.g., Sch 10, Sch 40, or Sch 80), indicating the pipe's thickness and pressure rating. Pipes with increased thickness, such as those with higher schedule numbers, are engineered to endure greater pressure levels.
Standard lengths for copper-nickel pipes often include 6 meters (20 feet) or 12 meters (40 feet), though they can also be customized as per project requirements. These pipes come in both seamless and welded varieties, with seamless options being preferable for high-pressure settings due to their strength, while welded pipes offer a more economical solution for lower-pressure applications.
Recognized for their exceptional resistance to seawater corrosion, anti-biofouling properties, and durability against erosion-corrosion, copper-nickel alloy pipes are ideal for marine endeavors. The principal alloys, 90/10 (Cu-Ni 90/10) and 70/30 (Cu-Ni 70/30), are accessible in a wide array of sizes, with the selection dependent on specific requirements regarding corrosion resistance, strength, and cost. For precise size options, refer to the copper-nickel pipe size chart.
Moreover, copper-nickel pipes may feature various end types, such as plain ends (PE), beveled ends (BE), or threaded ends (TE), based on the intended connections within the piping framework. When determining the appropriate size of copper-nickel pipe for a project, factors like flow rate requirements, pressure ratings, and unique environmental conditions should be taken into account to guarantee effective performance and longevity in service.
Engineering grades like 90-10 (90% Copper, 10% Nickel) and 70-30 (70% Copper, 30% Nickel) copper-nickel pipes are primarily employed in marine settings due to their outstanding resistance to seawater corrosion. These pipes find extensive application in seawater piping systems, heat exchangers, condensers, crucial to marine-centric industries. Key sectors utilizing these pipes include thermal desalination, offshore oil and gas, power generation, and both commercial and naval shipping. Additionally, their use extends to hydraulic systems, including brake tubing, where their corrosion resistance and durability are highly advantageous.
Alloy Applications90-10 and 70-30 Cu-Ni: Seawater cooling and firewater systems, heat exchangers, condensers and piping, platform riser and leg sheathing, boat hulls, oil coolers, hydraulic tubing, antimicrobial touch surfaces.
Cu-30Ni-Cr: Forgings, cast seawater pumps, and valve components.
High Strength Cu-Ni
Cu-Ni-Al: Shafts and bearing bushes, bolting, pump and valve trim, gears, fasteners.
Cu-Ni-Sn: Bearings and drill components, subsea connectors, valve actuator stems, lifting nuts, ROV lock-on devices, seawater pump components.
Copper-nickel alloys are frequently utilized in desalination facilities operating via multi-stage flash (MSF) and multiple effect distillation (MED) processes. The choice of alloy is influenced by both cost considerations and the specific corrosion conditions in various sections of the plant.
Explore our related blog on Copper-Nickel Alloys: A Comprehensive Guide
A Multi-Stage Flash (MSF) desalination plant employs a series of tube/plate heat exchangers to transform seawater into fresh water. The process commences with heating brine to approximately 120°C in the brine heater. As the brine moves through the facility, its temperature decreases in several stages, including heat recovery and rejection phases.
The MSF plant is effective at recovering and utilizing heat, marking it as a cornerstone technology in seawater desalination.
Evaporator shell: 90-10 Cu-Ni solid or clad
Tubing:
Tube Plates: 90-10 Cu-Ni solid or clad steel
Water boxes and flash chamber linings: 90-10 Cu-Ni clad steel
Piping: 90-10 Cu-Ni
MED (Multiple Effect Distillation) plants generally come in two forms: one utilizing thermo-compression distillation (TCD) and the other relying on mechanical vapor compression (MVD), with TCD being the more prevalent approach. MED facilities typically feature several evaporator stages followed by a heat rejection section. During the process, vapor is introduced into the first evaporator at temperatures around 75°C.
Copper alloys are chiefly deployed for tubes within the evaporator sections. In these areas, oxygen levels diminish from the top to the lower regions. Copper-nickel alloys are also used sporadically in the final heat recovery converter, which functions in a fully aerated environment.
Copper-nickel alloys are extensively utilized on both platforms and FPSOs (Floating Production Storage and Offloading vessels). These alloys are implemented in seawater, cooling, and firewater/deluge systems, particularly favored in warmer climates due to their robust resistance against chloride crevice corrosion and stress corrosion cracking.
In power generation sectors, whether via nuclear or fossil-fuel sources, copper-nickel alloys play a vital role in numerous heat transfer processes. These materials are employed in steam generators, heat exchangers, coolers, condensers, tanks, pipework, valves, and fittings. Their efficiency spans a range of environments including clean seawater with high total dissolved solids, brackish water, freshwater, and cooling tower water.
Initially developed over 60 years ago for naval condensers and seawater piping, copper-nickel alloys, specifically grades 90-10 and 70-30, maintain their application in many naval fleets worldwide, reflecting their exceptional resilience amidst challenging conditions. Moreover, these alloys are also utilized within FPSOs (Floating Production Storage and Offloading vessels) and in commercial shipping, showcasing their long-lasting performance and reliability.
Owing to their strengths, durability, and resistance to corrosion, copper-nickel pipes are invaluable across marine, desalination, power generation, and shipbuilding sectors. With a diverse range of sizes and types available, they can accommodate a multitude of project specifications, catering from high-pressure to lower-pressure systems. For further information, please contact us.
The 18mm copper pipe elbow fitting is utilized to connect pipes in water and central heating systems, allowing for a 45-degree turn in the pipework, linking male and female ends through soldering.
Copper pipes are widely employed in water supply and distribution systems given their robust corrosion resistance which aids in maintaining water quality. They are effective for both hot and cold water systems but should be avoided with specific chemicals.
Copper-nickel alloy pipes are recognized for their significant resistance to seawater corrosion, anti-biofouling features, and durability against erosion-corrosion, rendering them optimal for marine applications.
In this blog, we’ll dive into copper-nickel alloys, a vital material that often goes unnoticed.
This article will provide an in-depth examination of copper-nickel pipes, an essential yet frequently neglected material.
ASTM A29 is a specification standard published by ASTM International, outlining the necessary requirements.
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